摘 要：提出了锥体抗冰结构来降低海冰对风力机结构的影响。以NREL 5 MW近海三叶片水平轴风力机为研究对象，基于Ralston算法建立冰载荷模型，采用开源多体动力学软件FAST计算塔架结构动力学响应，研究了不同锥角抗冰结构下塔顶位移和塔架载荷特性。结果表明：锥体结构能有效地缓解由海冰造成的危害，塔架剪切力、海冰载荷及塔顶位移随锥角的降低而减小，锥角由70°降至40°，海冰载荷降低55%~98%；安装锥体前后，塔架剪切力减小28.7%~58.9%，塔顶位移最多减小46%。

Abstract:This paper proposes an anti-ice cone structure to mitigate wind turbine structural dynamic response induced by ice load. The NREL 5 MW offshore horizontal wind turbine with monopole foundation is employed as the research object. Ralston algorithm is applied to evaluate ice load. The tower top vibration characteristics and tower loads of wind turbine with anti-ice structure of different cone angles are carried out by the open-source code FAST. The results show that the cone structure can effectively alleviate the damage caused by ice load,the shear force,ice load and the tower top displacement is reduced with the decrease of cone angle. Ice force is reduced by 55% to 98% with the decrease in cone angle from 70° to 40°.With the cone installed,the shear force is reduced by 28.7% to 28.9% and tower top displacement is reduced by 46% at the maximum.

TK83

国家自然科学基金（51676131，51176129）；上海市科学技术委员会项目（13DZ2260900）