在平板表面分别开设了圆柱孔、展向扩张孔和收缩扩张孔。对比研究了3种孔型的纯空气气膜冷却和水雾/空气气膜冷却特性。在3种吹风比：0.66、1.04、1.44下展开研究。将圆柱孔的数值计算结果与文献中的实验结果进行对照以验证水雾/空气冷却数值计算方法的正确性。对3种孔型下冷却气体混合物的无量纲速度矢量图和部分水雾颗粒的运动轨迹进行了比较和分析。对3种孔型中心线和展向平均气膜冷却效率进行了比较和分析。结果表明：圆柱孔和展向扩张孔射流形成的肾形涡将水雾颗粒抬离平板表面。收缩扩张孔射流形成的肾形涡增强了水雾颗粒的展向扩散并将靠近孔口两侧区域的水雾颗粒逐渐抬离平板表面。对于圆柱孔和展向扩张孔，其射流形成的肾形涡削弱了水雾颗粒对于展向平均气膜冷却效率的提高作用，收缩扩张孔水雾/空气冷却的展向平均气膜冷却效率在3种吹风比下均大于0.6，当吹风比为1.44时,收缩扩张孔的展向平均气膜冷却效率约为展向扩张孔的2倍，圆柱孔的4倍。2种冷却方式下，在吹风比从1.04增大到1.44时，展向扩张孔中心线气膜冷却效率降低0.3左右，而收缩扩张孔中心线冷却效率的降幅小于0.1。

The mist/air cooling performance of a flat plate is numerically studied and compared for the cases with three hole types, cylindrical hole, fan-shaped hole and console hole.. Three different blowing ratios, 0.66, 1.04, and 1.44, are numerically studied in this paper. The numerical results of cylindrical hole are compared with the experimental data from citations to validate the numerical method of mist/air cooling. Both the velocity vectors of the cooling gas mixture and trajectories of part of mists with three film cooling hole types are compared and discussed. Both the centerline and span averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness of three film cooling hole types are also compared and discussed. Results show that the kidney vortex forms by the coolant jets of cylindrical hole and fan-shaped hole and it lifts mists off the flat plate. The anti-kidney vortex forms by the coolant jets of console hole expands the lateral diffusion of mists and lifts the mists near the lateral edge of the hole off the flat plate gradually. For cylindrical hole and fan-shaped hole, the kidney vortex significantly impairs the mists enhancement in cooling effectiveness. The span averaged mist/air film cooling effectiveness of the console hole is larger than 0.6 under three blowing ratios, and is 2 times the fan shaped hole and 4 times the cylindrical hole with the blowing ratio of 1.44. With the blowing ratio increase from 1.04 to 1.44, the centerline cooling effectiveness decreases about 0.3 for fan-shaped hole and no more than 0.1 for console hole under both cooling methods.

TK472

国家自然科学基金（51176125）；上海市科委部分地方院校能力建设计划（16060502600）