为研究橡胶-泡沫铝-钢结构新型防护装置不同厚度组合对碰撞过程中海上风力机结构动力响应的影响，基于非线性动力学理论，采用LS-DYNA软件模拟5 000 t级船舶与4 MW海上风力机单立柱三桩基础碰撞过程，对比分析泡沫铝和橡胶分别组成4种厚度防护装置海上风力机与船舶碰撞时系统能量转换、最大碰撞力及碰撞处的应力分布。结果表明：防护装置橡胶与泡沫铝厚度变化，橡胶对防护装置整体性能提高具有明显作用，同时抑制塔顶风力机动力响应效果显著。提出应力衰减率作为评估防护装置性能优劣指标，随着橡胶厚度与泡沫铝厚度改变，单立柱三桩基础所受最大碰撞力分别减少6.3%、12.7%，最大应力衰减率7.03%、4.8%，橡胶用于防护装置中整体性能优越，而泡沫铝可作为辅助材料迅速提高防护性能。

In order to study the influence of different thickness combination of rubberfoam aluminumsteel crashworthy devices on structure dynamic response characteristics of tower in the process of ship collision,this paper is based on nonlinear dynamic analysis method and uses LSDYNA to simulate the collision between a 5 000 t ship and a 4 MW offshore wind turbine tripod.The energy conversion,maximum collision force,and stress distribution at the collision between ship and crashworthy devices with four different thicknesses of aluminumfoam and rubber are compared and analyzed.The results show that the protective device rubber and foam aluminum thickness has clear effects on the overall performance improvement of the protective device,and at the same time,it has a significant effect on suppressing the dynamic response of the tower top wind turbine.The stress decay rate is proposed as an indicator to evaluate the performance of the protective device.As the thickness of the rubber and the aluminumfoam changes,the maximum impact force of the tripod is reduced by 6.3% and 12.7%,respectively,and the maximum stress decay rate is 7.03% and 4.8%.The rubber is used in protective devices to have overall superior performance,while aluminum foam can be used as an auxiliary material to rapidly improve protective performance.

TK83

国家自然科学基金(51676131);国家自然基金国际(地区) 合作与交流项目(51811530315);上海市" 科技创新行动计划" 地方院校能力建设项目(19060502200)