为评估船舶传动装置齿轮箱的运行可靠性，针对振动信号中冗余的特征参数，提出了一种基于距离评估的特征降维方法，通过计算齿轮箱不同运行状态下特征参数的类内距离、类间距离得到距离评估因子，选择时域、频域中具有最大距离评估因子值的特征参数组成响应协变量，利用威布尔比例故障率模型进行齿轮箱的运行可靠性评估。结果表明：齿轮箱运行可靠度衰减时间与振动信号故障时间相近，证明采用距离评估特征降维方法对时域、频域特征参数进行筛选后得到的低维响应协变量对于设备运行退化特征表现敏感，可为同类型设备运行可靠性分析提供借鉴。

To evaluate the operational reliability of the gearbox of the ship transmission system，considering the redundant feature parameters in the vibration signal,a feature dimensionality reduction method based on distance evaluation technology is proposed.The distance evaluation factor is obtained by calculating the intraclass distance and the interclass distance of the characteristic parameters of the gearbox under different operating conditions.Characteristic parameters with largest distance evaluation factor values are selected to form covariates,and then the Weibull proportional hazards model is used to evaluate the operational reliability of the gearbox.The results show that the decay time of gearbox operating reliability is consistent with that of the vibration signal.It is proved that through this method,the time domain and frequency domain characteristic parameters are screened.The composed lowdimensional covariates are sensitive to the performance of equipment operation degradation characteristics,and can provide reference for the operation reliability analysis of the same type of equipment.

U664.22

国家自然科学基金（11902259）；中国博士后科学基金(190525)；博士后创新人才支持计划（BX20190285）