石化企业为保证企业效益，其自备电厂的负荷优化调度需要以发电最大为目标。针对这一问题，建立了优化调度仿真模型，分别采用功率微增法和遗传算法对总量一定的热负荷进行优化调度，得到了不同供热总量下的负荷分配图；针对实际运行中存在负荷波动问题，将遗传算法与功率微增率法相结合，提出了两级优化调度法，研究表明：与功率微增法相比，采用遗传算法最高可提高4.26%的发电量；采用两级优化调度法在±25 t/h的波动量下分别增加了3.81%和3.09%的最大发电量，比遗传算法平均减少了0.25%的发电量，但两级优化调度法将所需调整的机组台套数由4台降低为1台。进一步地，针对两级优化调度法中阈值对系统所需调整台套数和最大发电量的影响情况进行分析可知，阈值的改变会影响系统所需调整机组的台套数，对系统最大发电量的影响也会有所不同，实际运行需要考虑多种因素的影响，并合理选取阈值。该两级优化调度法对实际运行具有一定参考价值。

In order to ensure the benefits of petrochemical enterprises, the optimal load scheduling of their captive power plants needs to aim at maximizing power generation. To solve this problem, an optimal scheduling simulation model is established. The power micro increase rate method and genetic algorithm are used to optimize the heat load with a certain total amount respectively, and the load distribution diagrams under different total heating amounts are obtained. Due to the problem of load fluctuation in actual operation, a twolevel optimal scheduling method is proposed by combining genetic algorithm with power micro increase rate method.The research results show that compared with the power micro increase rate method, genetic algorithm can increase the power generation by 4.26% at most.Using the twolevel optimal scheduling method, the maximum power generation is increased by 3.81% and 3.09% respectively under the fluctuation of ±25 t/h, which is 0.25% less than the genetic algorithm on average. However, the twolevel optimal scheduling method reduces the number of units to be adjusted from 4 to 1. Further, according to the analysis of the impact of the threshold on the number of units and maximum power generation required by the system in the twolevel optimal scheduling method, it can be known that the change of the threshold will affect the number of units required to be adjusted by the system, and the impact on the maximum power generation of the system will be different. The actual operation needs to consider the impact of various factors and reasonably select the threshold.The twolevel optimal scheduling method has a certain reference value for practical operation.

TM621

上海市科委节能减排专项-上海市热交换系统节能工程技术中心项目(17DZ2282800)