针对轴流风机工作时产生的气动噪声问题，运用仿生学原理对某轴流风机叶轮进行了仿生改型设计，分别得到了尾缘锯齿式单结构仿生叶轮的轴流风机和前缘波齿、尾缘锯齿及表面脊状三结构耦合仿生叶轮的轴流风机。对两类风机以及原型风机进行了气动与噪声实验，获得了风机的气动性能与辐射噪声的频谱特性。测试结果表明：两类仿生风机的全压在全流量范围内均有不同程度的下降，最高下降达27%，但尾缘锯齿风机可以提高中小流量工况下的效率，而三结构耦合仿生风机效率低于原型风机；两类仿生风机产生的辐射噪声A声级均低于原型光滑叶轮风机，且尾缘锯齿风机降噪效果优于耦合仿生风机，并且比A声级最大降噪值为1.58 dB；尾缘锯齿沿展向的分布长度越长，效率越高，降噪效果也越佳。

Aiming at the aerodynamic noise caused by the axial flow fan,using the concept of bionics,the bionic modification design for an axial flow fan impellers was carried out,the axial flow fan with trailing edge serrated singlestructure bionic impeller and the axial flow fan with leading edge wave teeth,trailing edge serration and surface ridge coupled bionic impellers were obtained respectively.Using aerodynamic noise test methods for two types of fans and prototype fan,the aerodynamic performance and the spectral characteristics of the radiated noise of the fans were obtained. The test results show that the total pressure of the two types of bionic fans decreases in different degrees in the full flow range,with the highest decrease of 27%,but the trailing edge serrated fan can improve the efficiency of the medium and small flow condition,while the efficiency of the threeelement coupled bionic fan is lower than that of the prototype fan; the Aweighted sound level of radiated noise produced by the two types of bionic fans is lower than that of the prototype fan with smooth impellers,and the noise reduction effect of the trailing edge serrated fan is better than that of the coupled bionic fan,and the maximum noise reduction value of specific Aweighted sound level is 1.58 dB; the longer the trailing edge serrations are distributed along the spanwise direction,the higher the efficiency is,and the better the noise reduction effect is.

TH432.1

国家自然科学基金（51106099，50976072）