为获得总压探针的气动特性，采用数值研究的方法，对3种常用规格的单点总压探针模型在不同流场中的模拟结果进行对比分析，获得了探针测量结果准确度以及探针对被测流场的影响规律。研究表明：在亚音速条件下，可以采用单点总压探针对不同方向总压进行测量，进而求得该方向的速度分量；总压探针对流场的影响只在探针下游的局部范围内，不会对探针头部的测量值产生干扰；总压探针的速度测量误差随气流马赫数和探针偏转角的增大而增大；规格为2.0 mm×0.5 mm的单点总压探针的角度特性最好，最大测量误差为6.96%(Ma=0.2，θ=45°)；总压探针的存在会使被测流场的流动均匀性降低，在探针支杆后5 mm的位置，流动均匀性达到最低，为0.993，到探针支杆后15 mm处流动均匀性即可恢复到0.997。

In order to obtain the aerodynamic characteristics of the total pressure probe,the numerical research method was used in this paper to compare and analyze the simulation results of three commonly singlepoint total pressure probe models in different flow fields,the accuracy of the probe measurement results and the influence rule of the probe on the measured flow field were obtained.Research shows under subsonic conditions,a singlepoint total pressure probe can be used to measure the total pressure in different directions,and then the velocity component in each direction can be obtained.The influence of the total pressure probe on the flow field is only localized downstream of the probe and will not interfere with the measurement value at the probe head.Total pressure probe velocity measurement error increases with the increase of airflow Mach number and probe deflection angle.The singlepoint total pressure probe with a size of 2.0 mm×0.5 mm has the best angle characteristics,and the maximum measurement error is 6.96%(Ma=0.2,θ=45°).The existence of the total pressure probe will reduce the flow uniformity of the measured flow field.At the position 5 mm behind the probe support,the flow uniformity reaches a minimum of 0.993,and at 15 mm behind the probe support,the flow uniformity can be restored to 0.997.

TB934

国家科技重大专项(2017-III-0011-0037);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3102021OQD701)