风力机叶片质量的急速增加已成为限制其大型化发展的主要因素之一。为减少叶片质量,论文借鉴植物叶脉分布特征提出一种新型仿生叶片。通过有限元方法建立具有仿生叶脉内肋结构并进行相应铺层设计获得轻量化叶片,基于流固耦合方法验证叶片在不同偏航角极端环境下的结构性能,结果表明：仿生叶片可在保证结构刚度、极限强度和稳定性方面性能与传统叶片相近的前提下减轻6.6%的重量；仿生叶片的内肋结构有助于增强叶片结构刚度,减小叶片叶尖形变量,且有助于降低叶片表面最大应力,但腹板最大应力略有增加；仿生叶片因除去尾缘加强材料导致偏航-15°极端风载荷下的抗屈曲性能略有降低,但总体仍在安全范围内。

The rapid increase in the mass of wind turbine blades has become one of the main factors limiting its large-scale development. To reduce the mass of the blade, a new type of biomimetic blade is proposed based on the characteristics of plant leaf vein distribution. According to the finite element method, the inner rib structure with bionic leaf veins are established and the corresponding layup is designed to obtain the lightweight blade, based on the fluid-structure coupling method to verify the structural performance of the blade in the extreme environment of different yaw angles, the results show that: the bionic blade can be guaranteed to ensure that the structural stiffness, ultimate strength and stability of the performance of the traditional blade under the premise of the similarity of the weight reduction of 6.6%; the bionic blade of the inner rib structure can help to enhance the structural stiffness of the blade and reduce the weight of the blade. The inner rib structure of the bionic blade helps to increase the structural stiffness of the blade, reduce the blade tip deformation, and help to reduce the maximum stress on the surface of the blade, but the maximum stress on the web plate increases slightly; the bionic blade"s anti-buckling performance under the extreme wind load at yaw-15° is slightly reduced due to the removal of the trailing edge reinforcing material, but the overall performance is still in the safe range.

TK83

国家自然科学(51976131,52006148,52106262)；上海市IV类高峰学科-能源科学与技术-上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院建设项目。