为减弱垂直轴风力机流动分离提升其气动效率,设计一种偏转角度与伸出长度可变化的尾缘襟翼结构。以NACA0021为基础翼型,采用计算流体力学方法对尾缘襟翼垂直轴风力机瞬时转矩、风能利用系数、翼面压力系数及流场进行数值分析。结果表明：尾缘襟翼结构可有效减弱流动分离,使翼型表面压差增大,转矩升高,垂直轴风力机在低叶尖速比范围内的风能利用系数得到不同程度的提升。当叶尖速比为2.5,襟翼偏转角度5°,伸出水平长度0.1c时,尾缘襟翼垂直轴风力机气动性能最佳,其最高风能利用系数较原始垂直轴风力机可提升7.1%。

In order to reduce the flow separation of the vertical axis wind turbine and improve its aerodynamic efficiency, a tail edge flap structure with variable deflection angle and extension length is designed. Based on NACA0021, the instantaneous torque, wind energy utilization coefficient, airfoil pressure coefficient and flow field of the vertical axis wind turbine of the tail edge flap were numerically analyzed by computational fluid dynamics. The results show that the tail edge flap structure can effectively weaken the flow separation, increase the surface pressure difference and increase the torque of the airfoil, and improve the wind energy utilization coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine in the range of low blade tip speed ratio. When the blade tip velocity ratio is 2.5, the flap deflection angle is 5°, and the horizontal length is 0.1c, the aerodynamic performance of the vertical axis wind turbine with tail edge flap is the best, and its highest wind energy utilization coefficient can be increased by 7.1% compared with the original vertical axis wind turbine.

国家自然科学基金(51976131；51676131)；上海“科技创新行动计划”地方院校能力建设项目(19060502200)