建立了仿生鱼鳞结构微通道三维物理模型,通过数值模拟微通道内对流传热过程,获得了鱼鳞结构参数与平均摩擦系数、平均努塞尔数与综合传热性能因子的影响规律,并采用均匀实验设计方法对结构参数进行优化。研究表明,仿生鱼鳞结构微通道的平均摩擦系数与平均努塞尔数大于光滑矩形微通道,但相比于传热系数的增大程度,仿生鱼鳞结构产生的阻力较小；鱼鳞仿生结构微通道的综合性能因子均大于1,变化范围为1.29-1.55,综合传热性能明显优于矩形光滑微通道；鱼鳞结构的相对高度 和相对宽度 对综合传热性能影响较大；热阻和泵功回归方程的拟合优度R₂^分别为0.9576和0.9905,拟合方程可信度高。

A three-dimensional physical model of the biomimetic fish-scale microchannel was established. The effects of the fish-scale structure parameters on the average friction coefficient, the average Nusselt number and the comprehensive heat transfer performance factors were obtained by numerical simulation of the convective heat transfer process in the microchannel, and the uniform experimental design method was used to optimize the structural parameters. The results show that the average friction coefficient and average Nusselt number of the biomimetic fish-scale microchannel are larger than that of the smooth rectangular microchannel, but the resistance of biomimetic fish-scale microchannel is smaller than the increase of the heat transfer coefficient. The comprehensive performance factors of the fish-scale biomimetic microchannel are all greater than 1, and the variation range is 1.29-1.55, respectively. The comprehensive heat transfer performance is obviously better than that of the rectangular smooth microchannel. The relative height and the relative width of fish scale structure have great influence on the comprehensive heat transfer performance. The goodness of fit R² of the thermal resistance and pump power regression equations are 0.9576 and 0.9905, respectively, indicating high reliability of the fitting equations.

TK124

国家自然科学基金(51506098). National Natural Science Foundation of China (51506098).