风电机组叶片结冰给风电场的运行安全和发电效益带来双重困扰，因此迫切需要对结冰较严重的风力机进行除冰技术改造。本文首先对风力机叶片4种除冰技术进行对比，并对其原理、适用性和可靠性进行了分析和比较。重点阐述了现有气热除冰技术的4种技术路线及方案，讨论了气热除冰技术方案的经济效益和热传递效果，并对气热除冰存在的主要问题进行说明。系统论述了该技术在能量利用效率和除冰效率方面仍具有极大的改进和提升空间，提出了气热除冰设备在标准化、控制系统轻量化、系统效率提升等方面的一些设想和展望。

The icing of wind turbine blades brings double trouble to the operation safety and power generation efficiency of wind farms. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out deicing technology transformation for wind turbines with serious icing. In this paper, four deicing technologies of wind turbine blades are compared, and their principles, applicability and reliability are analyzed and compared firstly. This paper focuses on the four technical routes and schemes of the existing airheating deicing technology, discusses the economic benefits and heat transfer effect of the airheating deicing technology scheme, and explains the main problems existing in the airheating deicing technology, systematically discusses that the technology has great space for improvement in energy utilization efficiency and deicing efficiency. Finally, some ideas and prospects on standardization, lightweight control system and improvement of system efficiency are put forward.

TM315

国家自然科学基金(51877011)