为了探究多种异形孔在叶片上不同位置对气膜冷却改进效果的影响，通过红外测温技术对圆柱孔、水滴孔、圆锥孔和燕尾孔的气膜冷却效率进行了试验研究。结果表明：与圆柱孔相比较，位于压力面尾缘处的水滴孔增加了气膜覆盖长度，减小了气膜冷却效率沿着流向的衰减，3种吹风比(1.0,1.5和2.0)下气膜冷却效率增幅为45%~78%；位于压力面前缘处的圆锥孔增加了气膜在展向的覆盖宽度，对气膜覆盖长度的改善并不理想，吹风比越大气膜冷却效率提升越大，3种吹风比下气膜冷却效率增幅为37.9%~96.4%；位于吸力面鳃区的燕尾孔对气膜冷却效率的改进效果最明显，吹风比增大气膜的覆盖长度增加，3种吹风比下气膜冷却效率增幅为102.2%~302.2%。

In order to explore the influence of various specialshaped holes at different positions on the cooling efficiency of film cooling improvement, an experimental study was conducted on the film cooling efficiency of cylindrical holes, water droplet holes, conical holes and dovetail holes using infrared thermometry. The results show that the water droplet hole located at the trailing edge of the pressure side increases the film coverage length and reduces the attenuation of film cooling efficiency along the flow direction, the film cooling efficiency increases by 45% to 78% under three blowing ratios of 1.0, 1.5 and 20 compared with the cylindrical hole results; the conical hole located at the front edge of the pressure side increases the coverage width of the film in the spanwise direction, but the improvement in the coverage length of the film is not ideal. The film cooling efficiency increases with the increase of the blowing ratio, the film cooling efficiency increases by 37.9% to 96.4% under three blowing ratios; the dovetail hole located in the gill region of the suction side has the most obvious improvement effect on the film cooling efficiency. The coverage length of the film increases with the increasing blowing ratio, and the film cooling efficiency increases by 102.2% to 302.2% under three blowing ratios.

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国家自然科学基金（52376028）；辽宁省自然科学基金（2023MS245）;辽宁省教育厅面上项目(LJKMZ 20220541)