针对未来船舶发电系统紧凑、无碳化的发展要求,本文提出一种新型肋片式氨裂解制氢/催化燃烧一体器,基于此设计高效紧凑的氨燃料船舶固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统,并构建其详细的数学模型进行理论分析与实验验证,同时研究了系统变工况下发电特性与参数影响规律。结果表明,所设计的系统输出功率96 kW且效率为57.92%,满足目标船舶负载要求。变工况下阳极尾气循环比例影响最大,当循环比例从0增大到10%时电压升高0.08V,其次氨氧比,当其值从0.31增大到0.53时电压升高了0.04V,燃料利用率影响最小。从发电系统中400℃~750℃的热环境氨制氢实验特性表明,当温度大于678℃时可实现100%制氢,不仅验证了模型可行性,也为发电系统氨裂解制氢参数调节提供支撑。研究结果为船舶绿色发电系统提供理论基础。

Aiming at the development requirements of compact and carbon-free ship power generation system in the future, this paper proposes a ribbed NH3 cracking H2 production/catalytic combustion integrator, based on which a highly efficient and compact NH3-fueled ship solid oxide fuel cell power generation system is designed and the detailed mathematical model is constructed for theoretical analysis and experimental verification. The characteristics and parameter influences of this system are investigated under variable operating conditions. The results show that the power generation system meets the target ship load and output 96 kW with 57.92% efficiency. Under variable operating conditions, the anode tail gas cycle ratio has the greatest influence, when the cycle ratio increases from 0 to 10% the voltage increases by 0.08V, followed by the NH3/Oxygen when N/O increases from 0.31 to 0.53 the voltage increases by 0.04V, and the fuel utilization is least. The experimental characteristics of H2 production in the power generation system thermal environment of 400℃~750℃ show that 100% H2 production can be achieved when the temperature is greater than 678℃. The results not only verify the feasibility of the model, but also provides support for the adjustment of NH3 cracking H2 production parameters in the power generation system. The results provide theoretical basis for the ship green power generation system.

国家自然科学基金面上项目：No: 52176013; 国家重大科技专项基础研究类: No: J2019-I-0012-0012.