针对风力机叶片气动性能与叶尖噪声不能和好地兼顾的问题,本文提出翼型气动性能与噪声同步优化设计方法。采用B样条函数来表达翼型曲线,利用RFOIL软件计算翼型的气动性能,基于噪声半经验公式(BPM模型)预测翼型的噪声。建立基于气动性能与噪声特性的风力机翼型优化数学模型,利用多目标遗传算法并耦合RFOIL软件及BPM模型编制优化程序,通过不断优化迭代输出Pareto最优解。选取一组最优解并得到新翼型,命名为WT24-240翼型。通过与FFA-W3-211翼型比较,研究表明：在雷诺数Re=6×10₆^,马赫数Ma=0.10的边界条件下,无论是光滑条件还是粗糙条件,新翼型的最大升阻比分别提高了6.6%和1.7%；当攻角为6°时,其噪声值分别降低了0.5dB和1.2dB。本设计方法对于如何提高翼型的气动性能及降低噪声大小具有重要的理论指导意义。

For the issues of aerodynamic performance and noise of wind turbine blades, a synchronous optimization design method for airfoil with high aerodynamic performance and low noise is proposed in this paper. The B-spline function is used to express the airfoil curve, and the RFOIL software is selected to calculate the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. Then, the noise of the airfoil is predicted based on the noise semi empirical formula (BPM model). A mathematical model for wind turbine wing shape optimization is established based on aerodynamic performance and noise characteristics. An optimization program by using multi-objective genetic algorithm coupled with RFOIL software and BPM model is developed. Through continuous optimization iteration, the Pareto optimal solution is output. Selecting a set of optimal solutions and obtain a new airfoil, named WT24-240 airfoil. Compared with the FFA-W3-211 airfoil, the results shows that under the same boundary conditions of Reynolds number Re=6×10⁶ and Mach number Ma=0.10, the maximum lift to drag ratio of the new airfoil is increased by 6.6% and 1.7%, respectively, under both smooth and rough conditions; When the angle of attack is 6 °, the noise values are reduced by 0.5dB and 1.2dB, respectively. This design method has important theoretical guidance significance for improving the aerodynamic performance of airfoils and reducing noise levels.

TK83

广东海洋大学科研启动经费资助项目(360302022202)；国家自然科学基金面上项目(51975190)