垂直轴风力机(VAWTs)集群布置可提高风场整体功率密度,且通过合理布局在有限占地面积下实现更高的功率输出并降低度电成本。本文以三叶片H型VAWT为研究对象,采用数值模拟并结合正交设计方法优化研究了两台相同VAWT在三维风场中交错、并联及串联三种布局下的流场特性、转矩系数及风场性能因子。结果表明：对于交错布局,来流与风轮轴心连线夹角、风轮间距及风轮旋转方向对气动性能有着不同程度的影响,并通过不同因素影响程度优化得出最优交错布局；当两风轮间距为特定值时,并联布局的性能因子高于交错布局；当风轮间距超过此特定值时,最优交错布局输出功率高于并联布局；串联布局会导致性能因子下降,从而降低VAWT的输出功率。

Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) can be arranged in clusters to increase the overall power density of wind farms and achieve higher power output and lower kWh cost in a limited footprint through rational layout. In this paper, the flow c characteristics, torque coefficients and wind farm performance factors of two identical VAWTs in staggered, parallel and tandem layouts in a three-dimensional wind farm are studied using numerical simulation and optimized with the orthogonal design methodology with a three-bladed H-type VAWT as the research object. The results show that for the staggered layout, the angle between the incoming flow and the wind turbine axis, the wind turbine pitch and the wind turbine rotation direction have different degrees of influence on the aerodynamic performance, and the optimal staggered layout is derived through the optimization of the influence degree of different factors; The performance factor of the parallel layout is higher than that of the staggered layout when the spacing between the two wind turbines is a specific value; When the wind turbine spacing exceeds this specific value, the optimal staggered layout output power is higher than the parallel layout; the tandem layout leads to a decrease in the performance factor, which reduces the output power of the VAWT.

TK221

国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）1.项目名称：漂浮式海上风力机仿生平台减载增稳机理研究，2. 项目名称：基于分形与仿生的海上风力机漂浮式平台新构型减震降载机理研究，3. 基于仿生与分形的海上风力机塔架新构型抗震防损机理研究